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Infantile hypertropic pyloric stenosis in a children's hospital a retrospective study
1Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
Insights
Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) affects male infants, particularly firstborns and those from higher socioeconomic classes. Pyloromyotomy is an effective treatment with minimal complications for IHPS.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Surgery
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is a common surgical emergency in infants.
- Understanding the epidemiology and clinical presentation of IHPS is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the incidence, clinical features, and treatment outcomes of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.
- To identify demographic and clinical factors associated with IHPS in Ethiopian infants.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of clinical records of 34 patients diagnosed with IHPS.
- Data collected over a 6-year period (1981-1986) at Ethio-Swedish Children's Hospital, Addis Ababa.
- Calculation of incidence rates, male-to-female ratio, age at onset, and associated clinical findings.
Main Results:
- Incidence of IHPS increased from 2.7 to 3.6 per thousand admissions between 1981 and 1986.
- Male infants (4.7:1 ratio) and those born prematurely (97%) were predominantly affected.
- Vomiting onset occurred before one month of age in 76.4% of cases; 35.3% had a palpable tumor.
Conclusions:
- IHPS demonstrated a rising incidence and a clear male predominance in this Ethiopian cohort.
- Early onset of vomiting and presence of a palpable tumor were significant clinical indicators.
- Pyloromyotomy proved to be a safe and effective surgical treatment for IHPS, with no reported mortality.
Abstract:
A total of 40 patients with a diagnosis of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis were admitted to Ethio-Swedish Children's Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia over a period of 6 years (1981-1986). The clinical records of 34 patients could be retrieved and analysed. The incidence rose from 2.7 per thousand admissions in 1981 to 3.6 in 1986. The male to female ratio was 4.7:1. Patients started to vomit at a mean age of 21.5 days with age range from birth to three months. In 26 (76.4%) patients, vomiting started before the first month of life. Their distribution showed a bias towards term infants 97%, males 83.2%, first borns 26.5%, and higher socio-economic class 23.5%. No seasonal variations were observed. A palpable tumor was present in 35.3%. [Each of hematemesis with melena and jaundice were seen in 2.9%]. The treatment was pyloromyotomy; seven patients developed complications but none died.