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Related Concept Videos

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins02:18

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
Intrinsically Disordered Proteins02:18

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
Eukaryotic Compartmentalization01:37

Eukaryotic Compartmentalization

One of the distinguishing features of eukaryotic cells is that they contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus and mitochondria, that carry out specialized functions. Since biological membranes are only selectively permeable to solutes, they help create a compartment with controlled conditions inside an organelle. These microenvironments are tailored to the organelle's specific functions and help isolate them from the surrounding cytosol.
For example, lysosomes in the animal cells...
Eukaryotic Compartmentalization01:46

Eukaryotic Compartmentalization

One of the distinguishing features of eukaryotic cells is that they contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus and mitochondria, that carry out specialized functions. Since biological membranes are only selectively permeable to solutes, they help create a compartment with controlled conditions inside an organelle. These microenvironments are tailored to the organelle's specific functions and help isolate them from the surrounding cytosol.
For example, lysosomes in the animal cells...
Eukaryotic Compartmentalizations01:46

Eukaryotic Compartmentalizations

One of the distinguishing features of eukaryotic cells is that they contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus and mitochondria, that carry out specialized functions. Since biological membranes are only selectively permeable to solutes, they help create a compartment with controlled conditions inside an organelle. These microenvironments are tailored to the organelle's specific functions and help isolate them from the surrounding cytosol.
For example, lysosomes in the animal cells...
Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

Nucleosome Remodeling

Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...

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Spatiotemporal Analysis of Cytokinetic Events in Fission Yeast
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Spatiotemporal Analysis of Cytokinetic Events in Fission Yeast

Published on: February 20, 2017

Structural disorder in eukaryotes.

Rita Pancsa1, Peter Tompa

  • 1VIB Department of Structural Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.

Plos One
|April 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Protein structural disorder is more varied than previously thought, with single-celled eukaryotes (protists) showing the highest levels. This disorder is linked to lifestyle and evolutionary experimentation.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Early studies suggested higher protein structural disorder in eukaryotes than prokaryotes.
  • Previous analyses were based on limited species data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis of protein structural disorder across eukaryotic and prokaryotic proteomes.
  • To refine understanding of disorder distribution and its evolutionary implications.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative prediction and analysis of 194 eukaryotic and 87 prokaryotic proteomes.
  • Examination of disordered binding regions and Pfam domain types.
  • Correlation analysis with organism lifestyle.

Main Results:

  • Protein structural disorder distinguishes eukaryotes from prokaryotes but shows significant overlap.
  • Protists exhibit the highest levels and variability of disorder, surpassing complex eukaryotes.
  • Disorder levels correlate strongly with lifestyle, with parasites showing distinct patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Protists represent a key evolutionary arena for the development of protein structural disorder.
  • The study refines the view on disorder distribution, highlighting protists' unique role.
  • Lifestyle is a significant factor shaping the evolution of disordered proteins.