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Related Concept Videos

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias01:28

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...
Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per minute.
Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Transesophageal Atrial Burst Pacing for Atrial Fibrillation Induction in Rats
05:12

Transesophageal Atrial Burst Pacing for Atrial Fibrillation Induction in Rats

Published on: February 14, 2022

Macro-reentrant atrial tachycardias.

Frédéric Anselme1, Nadir Saoudi

  • 1Cardiology Department, Rouen University Hospital 1, rue de Germont 76 031, Rouen, France. Frederic.anselme@chu-rouen.fr

Indian Heart Journal
|April 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Macro-reentrant atrial arrhythmias arise from conduction barriers and slow pathways. Sophisticated mapping and electrophysiological techniques effectively locate and treat these arrhythmias, often with successful catheter ablation.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Cardiac Arrhythmia Research

Background:

  • Macro-reentrant atrial arrhythmias depend on conduction barriers and slow conduction zones.
  • These arrhythmias can occur with or without underlying heart disease.
  • Advanced 3D mapping systems enhance understanding of atrial arrhythmias.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms of macro-reentrant atrial arrhythmias.
  • To highlight the role of electrophysiological techniques in managing these arrhythmias.
  • To emphasize the efficacy of catheter ablation for curing these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing sophisticated 3D mapping systems for arrhythmia analysis.
  • Employing classical electrophysiological maneuvers to identify tachycardia circuits.

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Electrophysiological Assessment of Murine Atria with High-Resolution Optical Mapping
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  • Performing catheter ablation to eliminate arrhythmogenic pathways.

    • Main Results:

    • Identification of critical atrial sites and isthmuses crucial for arrhythmia maintenance.
    • Successful localization of tachycardia circuits using electrophysiological techniques.
    • High success rates in curing atrial tachycardias via catheter ablation.

    Conclusions:

    • Macro-reentrant atrial arrhythmias are mechanistically understood through conduction barriers.
    • Electrophysiological mapping and ablation are effective strategies for managing these arrhythmias.
    • Catheter ablation offers a high success rate for curing atrial tachycardias.