Influence of divalent cations on the cytoskeletal dynamics of K562 cells determined by nano-scale bead tracking

Cytoskeletal reorganization processes can be analyzed by studying the nanometer-scale spontaneous motion of beads bound to the cytoskeleton. The bead motion is determined by force fluctuations within the cytoskeletal network that originates from myosin motor activity and dynamic restructuring of cytoskeletal filaments. We investigated to what extend the spontaneous bead motion is influenced by the dynamics of the link between the bead and the cytoskeleton in the presence of divalent cations. Our data show that, when K562 cells expressing constitutively (alpha 5 beta 1) integrin and when stably transfected with (alpha v beta 3) integrin, spontaneous bead motion is dramatically affected by the presence of 1mM Mn(2+) (integrin, activate state) compared to 1mM Ca(2+)/Mg(2+) ions (integrin, inactive state). The directionality of the bead motion, which is influenced by the overall stability of the cytoskeletal network and by actomyosin-generated forces, is markedly different, whilst the persistence remained similar due to the specific binding of either Mn(2+) or Mg(2+)/Ca(2+) ions.