Hyalinizing trabecular tumour: review and new insights into the molecular biology

To review the current literature on hyalinizing trabecular tumor (HTT) and the relationship to other, more sinister neoplasms of the thyroid including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). To apply this information to clinical practice and thus elucidate the best approach regarding the management of patients with thyroid tumours.

A thorough literature search was performed on articles published on HTT thus far. Articles were then reviewed for epidemiology, discussion of categorization, and possible areas of differentiation from other thyroid tumor types. Our own hospital records were all reviewed for any possible cases of HTT.

There have been many attempts made to find objective ways of categorizing HTT from other thyroid tumors. The articles found highlighted the difficulties in understanding the classification, molecular genetics, and pathology of HTT, especially with regard to the differentiation from PTC. In our own institution, we found only one such case of confirmed HTT.

The ability to differentiate between HTT and PTC remains imperfect. Currently, permanent histologic sections are the best means for obtaining a diagnosis. Once this relationship is elucidated further, the treatment approach can be tailored, and patients will possibly avoid a total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine ablation, as currently indicated for PTC.