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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay
06:08

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Published on: September 22, 2023

Chronic rhinitis in HTLV-1 carriers: a histopathologic study.

Fernando P Gaspar Sobrinho1, Adelmir Souza-Machado, Alvaro A Cruz

  • 1ENT Service of the Professor Edgar Santos, University Hospital at the Federal University of Bahia.

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
|April 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection may alter allergic rhinitis by increasing subepithelial fibrosis. HTLV-1 may also be linked to chronic non-allergic rhinitis.

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

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Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples
11:54

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Published on: January 21, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Immunology
  • Virology

Background:

  • The nasal histopathology of individuals carrying Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) with chronic rhinitis remains largely uncharacterized.
  • Chronic rhinitis affects a significant portion of the population, and understanding its diverse histopathological underpinnings is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the specific histopathological features present in the nasal mucosa of HTLV-1 carriers experiencing chronic rhinitis.
  • To compare these features with those of non-infected individuals with similar rhinitis conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Nasal mucosal biopsies were obtained from ten HTLV-1 carriers with chronic rhinitis (eight allergic, two non-allergic) and ten non-HTLV-1 infected controls with allergic rhinitis.
  • Histopathological analysis was performed using light microscopy to evaluate key tissue parameters.

Main Results:

  • HTLV-1 carriers with allergic rhinitis exhibited significantly more pronounced subepithelial fibrosis compared to controls (p=0.01).
  • Basement membrane thickness was greater in controls (p=0.03), with a non-significant trend towards reduced eosinophilia and edema in HTLV-1 carriers.
  • Two HTLV-1 carriers with non-allergic rhinitis showed subepithelial fibrosis alongside a moderate to small lymphocytic infiltrate.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that HTLV-1 infection can modify the histopathology of allergic rhinitis, notably by enhancing subepithelial fibrosis.
  • HTLV-1 may also play a role in the development of chronic non-allergic rhinitis characterized by lymphocytic infiltration.