Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Distance Corrections01:15

Distance Corrections

To achieve precise distance measurements, especially in surveying and construction, certain corrections must be applied to account for potential sources of error like the standardization errors, temperature variations, and slope adjustments.Standardization error emerges when measurement equipment undergoes changes, such as wear, repairs, or weather impacts. To address this, surveyors compare the equipment’s readings to a standard. This process identifies any deviation that might lead to...
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
Proofreading01:43

Proofreading

Overview
Proofreading01:43

Proofreading

Overview
Proofreading01:31

Proofreading

Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore,  it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase Enzyme

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Progressive refinement of 3-d images using coded binary trees: algorithms and architecture.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2012
Same author

Recursive implementation of a two-step nonparametric decision rule.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2011
Same author

Boundary detection in multidimensions.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2011
Same author

Experiments in Text Recognition with Binary n-Gram and Viterbi Algorithms.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2011
Same author

An integrated algorithm for text recognition: comparison with a cascaded algorithm.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2011
Same author

Variable duration hidden Markov model and morphological segmentation for handwritten word recognition.

IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society·1995
Same journal

Relation DETR+: Exploring Explicit Position Relation Prior for Dense Prediction.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
Same journal

RBF++: Quantifying and Optimizing Reasoning Boundaries across Measurable and Unmeasurable Capabilities for Chain-of-Thought Reasoning.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
Same journal

CAFE: Cross-View Adaptive Fusion and Cluster Center Enhancement for Robust Multi-View Clustering.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
Same journal

DIVER: Reinforced Diffusion Breaks Imitation Bottlenecks in End-to-End Autonomous Driving.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
Same journal

Ethics-Aware Safe Reinforcement Learning for Rare-Event Risk Control in Interactive Urban Driving.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
Same journal

Learning Shape Anchors for Holistic Indoor Scene Understanding.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Digital Handwriting Analysis of Characters in Chinese Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment
05:58

Digital Handwriting Analysis of Characters in Chinese Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: March 11, 2021

A string correction algorithm for cursive script recognition.

R Bozinovic1, S N Srihari

  • 1Department of Computer Science, State University of New York at Buffalo, Amherst, NY 14226.

IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
|April 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel dynamic programming method for correcting noisy text from cursive script recognition. The algorithm improves accuracy by using a trie structure and stack decoding for efficient string estimation.

More Related Videos

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
05:52

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis

Published on: November 21, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Digital Handwriting Analysis of Characters in Chinese Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment
05:58

Digital Handwriting Analysis of Characters in Chinese Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: March 11, 2021

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
05:52

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis

Published on: November 21, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Natural Language Processing

Background:

  • Cursive script recognition systems often produce noisy output strings.
  • Accurate estimation of the original text from corrupted data is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an effective method for estimating the correct string (X) from a noisy version (Y) generated by cursive script recognition.
  • To introduce an accurate channel model accounting for symbol splitting, merging, and substitution.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized dynamic programming search combined with stack decoding and a trie structure representation of a dictionary.
  • Derived and analyzed the computational complexity of the proposed algorithm.
  • Compared the algorithm's performance against methods based on the generalized Levenshtein metric.

Main Results:

  • The proposed algorithm demonstrated effective estimation of correct strings from noisy cursive script recognition output.
  • Experimental results on English text using a dictionary of common words validated the algorithm's performance.

Conclusions:

  • The dynamic programming approach with a trie structure and stack decoding offers an efficient and accurate solution for correcting noisy text in cursive script recognition.
  • The developed method provides a valuable tool for improving the reliability of character recognition systems.