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Related Concept Videos

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
Seizures l: Introduction01:20

Seizures l: Introduction

Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...
Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

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Seizures: Classification01:13

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Seizures ll: Types01:19

Seizures ll: Types

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Generation of Local CA1 γ Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation
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Published on: August 14, 2015

[Transitory cognitive dysfunction in rolandic epilepsy].

N A Ermolenko, A Iu Ermakov, K V Voronkova

    Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
    |April 14, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary

    Rolandic epilepsy in children can cause temporary cognitive issues, primarily affecting verbal skills. Full recovery of cognitive functions often occurs years after clinical remission of seizures.

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    Published on: July 21, 2015

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Neurology
    • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
    • Epileptology

    Background:

    • Rolandic epilepsy is a common childhood epilepsy syndrome.
    • Cognitive disturbances can occur in children with rolandic epilepsy, impacting learning and development.
    • Understanding the nature and trajectory of these cognitive issues is crucial for effective management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To prospectively investigate cognitive functions in children with rolandic epilepsy before and during treatment.
    • To examine the relationship between EEG lateralization and cognitive dysfunction.
    • To determine the timeline of cognitive recovery relative to clinical remission.

    Main Methods:

    • Prospective study of 44 children (aged 5-14) with rolandic epilepsy over 5 years.
    • Assessment of cognitive functions including verbal and non-verbal intellect, dyspraxia, memory, and coordination.
    • Analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) for focal epileptiform activity lateralization.
    • Evaluation of clinical remission and cognitive recovery timelines.

    Main Results:

    • Transient cognitive disturbances, particularly affecting verbal intellect and auditory-speech memory, were observed before treatment.
    • Non-verbal intellect, optical-motor coordination, and arbitrary regulation were also affected but did not severely impact school learning.
    • No significant correlation was found between EEG lateralization and cognitive dysfunction, although age-related lateralization patterns were noted.
    • Clinical remission was achieved significantly earlier (4-5 years) than the full recovery of cognitive functions.

    Conclusions:

    • Cognitive impairments in rolandic epilepsy are typically transient and do not severely hinder academic progress.
    • Cognitive recovery lags behind seizure control, highlighting the need for long-term monitoring.
    • Valproates, alone or in combination with ethosuximide or levetiracetam, are effective treatments for rolandic epilepsy.