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Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors01:24

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are potential complications that arise during pharmacotherapy, influenced by multiple risk factors. Age plays a significant role; both neonates and the elderly are at heightened risk due to their respective immature and diminished metabolic and elimination processes. Gender also impacts ADRs, with females experiencing a 1.5 to 1.7-fold greater risk than males, which may be linked to pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and hormonal differences. Notably, neonates, the...
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...
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The elimination half-life and drug clearance of drugs following nonlinear kinetics can vary with dosage. The Michaelis-Menten parameters and drug concentration influence these factors. As the dose increases, the elimination half-life tends to lengthen, resulting in a reduction in clearance and a disproportionately larger area under the curve. The total clearance can be derived from the Michaelis-Menten equation for drugs following a one-compartment model.
A study on guinea pigs examined the...
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When it comes to infants and young children, they are typically administered smaller doses of medication in comparison to adults. This is primarily because their organ functions still need to fully develop, meaning their bodies are not as efficient at metabolizing or eliminating drugs. Additionally, their blood-brain barrier is more permeable than in adults. As a result, high concentrations of drugs can easily penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), potentially leading to neurological...
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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
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High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
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Factors leading to excessive polypharmacy.

Bo Hovstadius1, Göran Petersson

  • 1eHealth Institute, Linnaeus University, Bredbandet 1, PO SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden. bo.hovstadius@pwc.se

Clinics in Geriatric Medicine
|April 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Excessive polypharmacy is linked to patient demographics, conditions, and self-medication behaviors. Physician prescribing practices and patient-physician interactions also contribute, highlighting the need for better communication and medication reviews.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology and Patient Care

Background:

  • Excessive polypharmacy poses significant risks to patient health.
  • Key risk factors include sociodemographic characteristics and underlying medical conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted risk factors contributing to excessive polypharmacy.
  • To investigate the roles of patient behavior, physician practices, and patient-physician interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of existing studies on polypharmacy risk factors.
  • Examination of sociodemographic, patient-related, and physician-related factors.

Main Results:

  • Sociodemographics and patient conditions are prominent risk factors.
  • Patient self-medication and physician prescribing variations are significant but less studied factors.
  • Patient-physician interaction dynamics also influence polypharmacy.

Conclusions:

  • Interventions should focus on improving communication between general practitioners (GPs) and hospital specialists.
  • Establishing support systems for comprehensive medication reviews is crucial.
  • Enhancing knowledge on multiple prescribing practices can help manage excessive polypharmacy effectively.