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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Transcription01:53

Bacterial Transcription

RNA polymerase (RNAP) carries out DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in both bacteria and eukaryotes. Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. So, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, on the same DNA template.
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
Transcription01:17

Transcription

Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Transcription01:10

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transcription01:10

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transcription01:17

Transcription

Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Transcription Initiation01:47

Transcription Initiation

Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Analysis of Termination of Transcription Using BrUTP-strand-specific Transcription Run-on (TRO) Approach
12:12

Analysis of Termination of Transcription Using BrUTP-strand-specific Transcription Run-on (TRO) Approach

Published on: March 12, 2017

An arresting development in transcription.

Tom Ellenberger1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. tome@biochem.wustl.edu

Molecular Cell
|April 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

RNA polymerase II bypasses UV photodimers during transcription, aiding survival after UV irradiation. This process may facilitate DNA damage repair, revealing a novel survival mechanism.

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In Vitro Transcription Assays and Their Application in Drug Discovery
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In Vitro Transcription Assays and Their Application in Drug Discovery

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Analysis of Termination of Transcription Using BrUTP-strand-specific Transcription Run-on (TRO) Approach
12:12

Analysis of Termination of Transcription Using BrUTP-strand-specific Transcription Run-on (TRO) Approach

Published on: March 12, 2017

Real-time Analysis of Transcription Factor Binding, Transcription, Translation, and Turnover to Display Global Events During Cellular Activation
12:54

Real-time Analysis of Transcription Factor Binding, Transcription, Translation, and Turnover to Display Global Events During Cellular Activation

Published on: March 7, 2018

In Vitro Transcription Assays and Their Application in Drug Discovery
09:28

In Vitro Transcription Assays and Their Application in Drug Discovery

Published on: September 20, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • DNA Repair Mechanisms
  • Transcription Regulation

Background:

  • Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation causes DNA damage, including the formation of photodimers, which can impede cellular processes.
  • Transcription by RNA polymerase II is crucial for gene expression but can be stalled by DNA lesions.
  • The cellular response to UV damage involves intricate DNA repair pathways.

Discussion:

  • Walmacq et al. demonstrate that RNA polymerase II can bypass UV photodimers during transcription.
  • This bypass mechanism is shown to unexpectedly contribute to cell survival following UV exposure.
  • The study suggests that polymerase bypass may play a role in preparing the DNA for subsequent repair processes.

Key Insights:

  • RNA polymerase II actively navigates UV-induced DNA damage.
  • Photodimer bypass by transcription machinery is a novel survival factor.
  • This bypass action may precede and enable transcription-coupled repair.

Outlook:

  • Further investigation into the precise molecular mechanisms of polymerase bypass is warranted.
  • Understanding this process could reveal new therapeutic targets for enhancing DNA repair.
  • The interplay between transcription and DNA repair in response to UV damage requires deeper exploration.