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Ultrasound-guided lateral approach for needle insertion into the subscapularis for treatment of spasticity
Dong-wook Rha1, Seung-Ho Han, Hee-Jin Kim
1Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Objective:
To evaluate the safety and accuracy of ultrasound (US)-guided needle insertion into the subscapularis using fresh cadavers.
Design:
A needle was inserted into the subscapularis of adult human cadavers under US guidance using a lateral approach from the posterior axillary fold. An anatomist dissected the cadavers to evaluate the effectiveness of this injection method.
Setting:
University dissecting room.
Participants:
Fresh cadavers (N=5).
Interventions:
US-guided dye injections targeting the motor points of the subscapularis.
Main Outcome Measure:
Accuracy of the injections and prevalence of complications. The presence of dye within 1.0cm of the motor points was defined as reaching the target. The injection procedure was considered a success if two-thirds of the injected dye reached the target.
Results:
We did not identify any neurovascular structures at risk of injury in the injection route. All subscapularis muscles were injected successfully using the US-guided lateral approach.
Conclusions:
US-guided needle insertion into the subscapularis using this lateral approach was accurate and had the minimal risk of neurovascular or lung injuries.
