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Videogame training strategy-induced change in brain function during a complex visuomotor task.

Hyunkyu Lee1, Michelle W Voss, Ruchika Shaurya Prakash

  • 1Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. hyunklee@illinois.edu

Behavioural Brain Research
|April 17, 2012
PubMed
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Directed cognitive training (HVT) improved performance on a visuomotor task more than general practice (FET). HVT led to reduced brain activation in key areas, suggesting more efficient neural processing for learning.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Cognitive training impacts brain function, but specific training strategies' effects on functional plasticity remain unclear.
  • Understanding how different training methods influence neural mechanisms is crucial for optimizing learning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate brain function changes during a visuomotor task after distinct training regimens.
  • To compare the neurobiological effects of Hybrid Variable-Priority Training (HVT) versus Full Emphasis Training (FET).

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) assessed brain activity before and after training.
  • Participants underwent 30 hours of either HVT or FET, with a control group receiving 6 hours of FET.
  • A complex visuomotor task (Space Fortress game) was used to evaluate performance and brain activation.

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Main Results:

  • HVT learners achieved higher performance and showed reduced brain activation in visuo-spatial attention and motor planning areas compared to FET.
  • HVT also demonstrated less activation in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) compared to controls, correlating with performance gains.
  • Reduced brain activation was linked to improved task performance, indicating more efficient learning.

Conclusions:

  • Directed training (HVT) enhances learning and neural efficiency more than non-directed practice (FET).
  • Neurobiological changes associated with HVT relate to optimized visuo-spatial attention and motor planning.
  • Practice-based benefits, involving executive control, are distinct from strategy-based learning improvements.