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Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

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The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
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Updated: May 23, 2026

Simulating the Mechanics of Lens Accommodation via a Manual Lens Stretcher
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Published on: February 23, 2018

Changes in ciliary muscle thickness during accommodation in children.

Helen Annie Lewis1, Chiu-Yen Kao, Loraine T Sinnott

  • 1College of Optometry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
|April 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Accommodation is the eye's ability to change focus from distant to near objects.
  • The ciliary muscle plays a crucial role in the mechanism of accommodation.
  • Understanding ciliary muscle dynamics in children is essential for pediatric eye care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the morphological changes of the ciliary muscle during accommodation in children.
  • To correlate ciliary muscle thickness with accommodative response and axial length.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty children (aged 6–12) underwent ocular measurements.
  • Ciliary muscle morphology was assessed using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) at different accommodative stimuli (0, 4, 6 D).
  • Accommodative response was monitored, and ciliary muscle thickness was measured at specific points (CMTMAX, CMT1, CMT2, CMT3).

Main Results:

  • Ciliary muscle thickness increased at CMTMAX and CMT1 with increasing accommodation.
  • A thinning of the ciliary muscle at CMT3 was observed during accommodation.
  • Cycloplegic ciliary muscle thickness correlated with accommodative thickness changes, and axial length correlated with thinning at CMT3.

Conclusions:

  • Ciliary muscle exhibits distinct thickness changes during accommodation in children, mirroring adult responses.
  • CMTMAX and CMT1 thicken, while CMT3 thins with accommodation.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the role of CMT2 as a potential neutral point.