Three decades of GMP implementation in Thailand: Hardships and success

Thailand has implemented GMP for almost three decades. GMP Guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) were adopted starting in 1978. A few years later, those guidelines were revised twice in 1992 according to ASEAN's version and the WHO's version of GMP, respectively. In 2003, GMP was enforced by law after 25 years of voluntary compliance. In 2007, 153 out of 163 of modern pharmaceutical manufacturers have complied with GMP (93.87%). The rest are closing buildings and facilities for renovation in order to meet GMP requirements.