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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

Overview of Hematopoiesis

Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors01:28

Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the periosteum and...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

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Updated: May 23, 2026

A Human Bone Marrow 3D Model to Investigate the Dynamics and Interactions Between Resident Cells in Physiological or Tumoral Contexts
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A Human Bone Marrow 3D Model to Investigate the Dynamics and Interactions Between Resident Cells in Physiological or Tumoral Contexts

Published on: December 16, 2022

Bone, microenvironment and hematopoiesis.

Yi Shen1, Susan K Nilsson

  • 1Materials Science and Engineering, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, Australia.

Current Opinion in Hematology
|April 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent research reveals that mature hematopoietic cells, like macrophages and megakaryocytes, are crucial for regulating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) within the bone marrow niche. Understanding these niche interactions is key to controlling HSC behavior.

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

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Published on: November 10, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Microenvironment Research

Background:

  • Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) generate all blood cells, and understanding their fate decisions is a rapidly advancing field.
  • The bone marrow microenvironment, or HSC niche, is increasingly recognized as critical for HSC function and organization.
  • Hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) also rely on this niche for regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings (last 18 months) on cellular and molecular components of the bone marrow HSC niche.
  • To highlight the role of the HSC niche in regulating HSC fate and function.
  • To synthesize current knowledge on HSC niche regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on publications from the last 18 months.
  • Analysis of studies investigating cellular interactions within the HSC niche.
  • Synthesis of findings on molecular regulators of HSCs in their microenvironment.

Main Results:

  • Previous research focused on osteoblasts, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), stromal cells, endothelial cells, and nerve cells.
  • Recent studies demonstrate that mature hematopoietic cells, including macrophages and megakaryocytes, also play a significant role in hematopoiesis within the HSC niche.
  • The importance of both resident niche cells and circulating hematopoietic cells in HSC regulation is highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • Identifying all niche components and their roles is essential for understanding HSC residence and regulation.
  • Advancements in 3D imaging and in-vitro niche models will improve comprehension of HSC niche dynamics.
  • Improved understanding will enable better manipulation of HSCs for therapeutic applications like mobilization, homing, and hematopoietic reconstitution post-injury or disease.