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Related Concept Videos

Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
Unrenewable Cells00:50

Unrenewable Cells

In humans, the photoreceptor cells of the eye and sensory hair cells of the ear lack stem cells. These cells are thus unrenewable and cannot be replaced when they are damaged or destroyed.
Photoreceptors
The retina is composed of several layers and contains specialized cells called photoreceptors. The photoreceptors (rods and cones) change their membrane potential when stimulated by light energy. There are two types of photoreceptors—rods and cones—which differ in the shape of their outer...
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
Sensation01:21

Sensation

Sensory receptors are specialized neurons that respond to specific types of external stimuli, initiating the process known as sensation. This occurs when sensory input, such as light entering the eye, is detected by these receptors, causing chemical changes in the cells of the retina. These cells then convert the sensory stimulus into action potentials that are transmitted to the central nervous system, a process termed transduction.
Absolute thresholds can quantify the sensitivity of sensory...
Hair Cells01:22

Hair Cells

Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.

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Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
09:44

Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Published on: January 25, 2016

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

B T Stew1, S J C Fishpool, H Williams

  • 1Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery, Royal Glamorgan Hospital, Llantrisant, Pontyclun CF72 8XR. stewb@doctors.org.uk

British Journal of Hospital Medicine (London, England : 2005)
|April 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is a poorly understood medical emergency. While causes are rarely identified, many patients experience spontaneous hearing recovery.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Audiology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is a critical condition, recognized since 1944, yet its underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.
  • Diagnosis typically involves a rapid decline in hearing sensitivity (≥30 dB across three contiguous frequencies within 72 hours), predominantly affecting one ear.
  • The annual incidence is estimated at 20 per 100,000 individuals, with idiopathic causes in over 90% of cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
  • To highlight diagnostic criteria and incidence rates.
  • To discuss the challenges in identifying causative factors and the prognosis for spontaneous recovery.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and epidemiological data.
  • Synthesis of information on etiology and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • SSNHL is defined by rapid hearing loss, usually unilateral.
  • Causes are identified in only 10% of patients.
  • Approximately 50% of patients experience spontaneous improvement.

Conclusions:

  • Sudden sensorineural hearing loss requires urgent medical attention.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the causes of SSNHL.
  • Prognosis is variable, with a significant chance of spontaneous recovery.