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Related Concept Videos

Adhesion01:14

Adhesion

Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
Capillary action is a result of water’s adhesive tendencies. When a narrow glass...
Cohesion01:07

Cohesion

Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
On a surface,...
Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity02:57

Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity

Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
Surface Tension01:24

Surface Tension

Surface tension is defined as the force per unit length (γ) acting along the surface of a liquid. It arises due to strong intermolecular forces of attraction. A molecule located inside the bulk of the liquid is surrounded by other molecules and experiences equal forces in all directions. However, a molecule at the surface experiences unbalanced forces because there are more neighboring molecules below than above. This creates a net inward force that pulls surface molecules toward the interior,...
Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily  involved in a...
Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily  involved in a...

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Measurement of Aggregate Cohesion by Tissue Surface Tensiometry
12:49

Measurement of Aggregate Cohesion by Tissue Surface Tensiometry

Published on: April 8, 2011

Adhesion and cohesion.

J Anthony von Fraunhofer1

  • 1School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.

International Journal of Dentistry
|April 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review details adhesion and cohesion forces, mechanisms, and molecular processes crucial for dental bonding. Understanding these principles enhances material bonding to tooth structures like enamel and dentin.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Adhesion and cohesion are fundamental phenomena governing material interactions.
  • These forces are critical in dentistry for achieving durable restorations and prosthetics.
  • Understanding molecular interactions is key to improving dental adhesive performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the forces, mechanisms, and molecular processes of adhesion and cohesion.
  • To provide examples relevant to adhesive dentistry and material bonding.
  • To evaluate substrate surface chemistry and adhesive material properties influencing bonding.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of adhesion and cohesion principles.
  • Analysis of surface tension, wetting, and various adhesion mechanisms (chemical, dispersive, diffusive, mechanical).
  • Evaluation of substrate surface chemistry and adhesive material properties.

Main Results:

  • Detailed review of forces like surface tension and wetting.
  • Explanation of chemical, dispersive, diffusive, and mechanical adhesion mechanisms with dental examples.
  • Assessment of substrate influence and adhesive properties on bonding effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • Adhesion and cohesion principles are vital for successful dental bonding.
  • Surface chemistry and material properties significantly impact adhesive success.
  • Understanding adhesion failure mechanisms is crucial for long-term clinical outcomes.