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Related Concept Videos

Porosity in Cement Paste01:18

Porosity in Cement Paste

The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
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Pore Size Distribution01:23

Pore Size Distribution

In concrete, the pore size distribution significantly influences the material's properties. Capillary pores, markedly larger than gel pores, form a vast network within partially hydrated cement paste, reducing the concrete's strength and increasing its permeability. This heightened permeability leads to a greater risk of damage from environmental factors like freeze-thaw cycles and chemical attacks, with the extent of vulnerability also being tied to the water-to-cement ratio.
Adequate...
Permeability of Concrete01:25

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Pore-scale Imaging and Characterization of Hydrocarbon Reservoir Rock Wettability at Subsurface Conditions Using X-ray Microtomography
12:18

Pore-scale Imaging and Characterization of Hydrocarbon Reservoir Rock Wettability at Subsurface Conditions Using X-ray Microtomography

Published on: October 21, 2018

Low pore connectivity in natural rock.

Qinhong Hu1, Robert P Ewing, Stefan Dultz

  • 1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas at Arlington, 500 Yates Street, Box 19049, Arlington, TX 76019, USA. maxhu@uta.edu

Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
|April 18, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Rock pore connectivity significantly impacts fluid flow and chemical transport. Poorly connected pore spaces exhibit anomalous behaviors, affecting energy and environmental applications.

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Pore-scale Imaging and Characterization of Hydrocarbon Reservoir Rock Wettability at Subsurface Conditions Using X-ray Microtomography
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Area of Science:

  • Geosciences
  • Environmental Science
  • Petroleum Engineering

Background:

  • Rock formations are crucial for energy and environmental management, serving as repositories for CO(2) and radioactive waste, oil and gas reservoirs, and contaminated sites.
  • The pore-space connectivity within rocks dictates fluid flow and solute transport, influencing the efficiency of these processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between pore connectivity and fluid flow/chemical transport in rock formations.
  • To identify and characterize anomalous behaviors in fluid flow and solute transport resulting from varying pore connectivity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized three experimental approaches: imbibition, tracer concentration profiles, and imaging.
  • Combined experimental data with pore-scale network modeling for comprehensive analysis.
  • Employed molten metal injection for direct 2-D imaging of pore structure and lateral connections.

Main Results:

  • Identified three imbibition slope types (0.5, 0.26, and 0.26 transitioning to 0.5), with a slope of 0.26 indicating low pore connectivity.
  • Tracer profiles showed varying distances to plateau porosity, correlating with imbibition-based connectivity assessments.
  • Imaging confirmed pore structure and lateral connections, supporting network modeling findings.

Conclusions:

  • Pore connectivity is the primary cause of anomalous fluid flow and chemical transport behaviors in rocks.
  • Poorly connected pore spaces lead to lower imbibition slopes and diffusion rates than predicted by classical models.
  • Understanding pore connectivity is essential for effective management of subsurface energy resources and environmental remediation sites.