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Related Concept Videos

Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

Muscles that Move the Arm

Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...

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Non-Surgical Management of People With Frozen Shoulder in the National Health Service: A Review of Publicly Available Patient Information Leaflets.

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Usability and feasibility testing of an enhanced physiotherapist-supported treatment approach integrating a brief behaviour change intervention for people with rotator cuff disorders (The COMBINED approach).

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Arthroscopic Management of Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears: Whole Rotator Cable Reconstruction Using Proximal Biceps Tendon Autograft
07:22

Arthroscopic Management of Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears: Whole Rotator Cable Reconstruction Using Proximal Biceps Tendon Autograft

Published on: June 6, 2025

Exercise for rotator cuff tendinopathy: a systematic review.

Chris Littlewood1, Jon Ashton, Ken Chance-Larsen

  • 1School of Health & Related Research, University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 30 Regent Street, Sheffield S1 4DA, UK. c.littlewood@sheffield.ac.uk

Physiotherapy
|April 18, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Exercise, including loaded movements, shows promise for reducing shoulder pain and improving function in rotator cuff tendinopathy. However, more high-quality research is needed to confirm these findings due to study limitations.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 23, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Physical Therapy

Background:

  • Rotator cuff tendinopathy is a prevalent cause of shoulder pain.
  • Exercise is a common treatment, but evidence on its effectiveness has been inconsistent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effectiveness of exercise, including loaded exercise, for treating rotator cuff tendinopathy.

Main Methods:

  • Searched multiple databases (AMED, CiNAHL, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, PEDro, SPORTDiscus) up to November 2010.
  • Included randomized controlled trials evaluating exercise interventions for rotator cuff tendinopathy.
  • Assessed studies for risk of bias and performed a narrative synthesis due to heterogeneity.

Main Results:

  • Four studies (five articles) met the inclusion criteria, all with a low risk of bias.
  • The reviewed literature generally supports the use of exercise for improving pain and function in rotator cuff tendinopathy.

Conclusions:

  • Exercise appears beneficial for rotator cuff tendinopathy, but findings should be interpreted cautiously.
  • Limitations include lack of blinding, absence of control groups, and outcome measure constraints.
  • Further rigorous research is recommended due to the limited evidence base.