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Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...
Conduct Disorder01:28

Conduct Disorder

Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
10:02

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Published on: March 12, 2020

Developmental delays in children with ADHD.

Murray J Dyck1, Jan P Piek2

  • 1School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia m.dyck@griffith.edu.au.

Journal of Attention Disorders
|April 18, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often have comorbid developmental disorders. These co-occurring conditions impact cognitive abilities, suggesting shared origins and the need for comprehensive screening.

Keywords:
ADD/ADHDcomorbiditydevelopmentmotor controlsocial cognition

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Published on: April 1, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) frequently co-occurs with other developmental disorders.
  • Existing assumptions often view academic, language, or motor skill deficits as secondary to ADHD.
  • Alternative hypotheses suggest attention problems may be secondary to other disorders or share a common etiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess for comorbid developmental disorders in children diagnosed with ADHD.
  • To identify specific cognitive processes impaired in children with ADHD.
  • To investigate the relationship between ADHD and other developmental disorders.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 53 children with ADHD was evaluated.
  • A control group of age- and sex-matched typical children was included.
  • Standardized measures of intelligence, language, motor skills, social cognition, and executive functions were administered.

Main Results:

  • Children with ADHD exhibited clinically significant deficits 2 to 7 times more frequently than typical children.
  • The structure of abilities differed significantly between children with ADHD and controls.
  • Abilities were less differentiated in children with ADHD compared to their typically developing peers.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive screening for developmental disorders is crucial for children with ADHD.
  • Findings suggest a potential shared etiology between ADHD and other developmental disorders.
  • Future research should explore the underlying mechanisms linking these conditions.