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Aggression

Aggression

Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for hire...

Conduct Disorder

Conduct Disorder

Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...

Bullying

Bullying

A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is bullying.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Antisocial personality disorder is a chronic mental health condition characterized by persistent patterns of disregard for the rights and well-being of others. Individuals with antisocial personality disorder exhibit behaviors that include deceitfulness, impulsivity, irresponsibility, aggression, and a profound lack of empathy. These traits often manifest early in life and persist into adulthood, leading to significant personal, social, and legal consequences.
Behavioral Characteristics and...

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...

Secondary Motives: Affiliation Motivation and Aggression Motivation

Secondary Motives: Affiliation Motivation and Aggression Motivation

Affiliation motivation is the intrinsic desire to connect with others and belong to a social group, which plays a crucial role in forming and maintaining personal relationships. This type of motivation is essential for psychological well-being, as it provides individuals with a sense of community and support. An example of this is a student who joins a study group in order to feel a sense of connection. People with high affiliation motivation actively seek social approval, take satisfaction in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

Published on: July 4, 2013

[Risk assessment of developing aggressive behavior].

¹Service de Psychiatrie, Hôpital Erasme, Bruxelles. marcinkaszuba@hotamail.com

Revue Medicale De Bruxelles

|April 20, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This article reviews risk assessment tools for aggressive behavior in psychiatric and general medical settings. It highlights the importance of staff training in improving patient safety and care planning.

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Area of Science:

Forensic Psychiatry
Clinical Psychology

Context:

Aggressive behavior poses significant challenges in psychiatric and general medical facilities.
Epidemiological data underscore the prevalence and impact of patient aggression.

Purpose:

To review and evaluate common risk assessment instruments for aggressive behavior.
To discuss the utility and limitations of tools like HCR-20, PCL-R, VRAG, SORAG, and START.
To explore the link between personality disorders and aggression.

Summary:

The article details the Historical Clinical and Risk Management Scale 20 (HCR-20), Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R), Violence Risk Assessment Guide (VRAG), Sex Offender Risk Assessment Guide (SORAG), and Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability (START).
It examines the strengths and weaknesses of each instrument in assessing violence risk.
The role of personality disorders in aggressive behavior is also discussed.

Impact:

Emphasizes the necessity of regular staff training in risk assessment for enhanced security.
Facilitates improved patient care planning and management in clinical settings.
Contributes to safer healthcare environments by equipping staff with effective risk assessment skills.