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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Neonatal Stroke in P10 Rats
07:56

Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Neonatal Stroke in P10 Rats

Published on: April 21, 2017

Drugs in pediatric ischemic stroke.

Kimberly Statler Bennett1, Denise C Morita

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84158, USA. kim.bennett@hsc.utah.edu

Current Drug Targets
|April 20, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric ischemic stroke drug therapy is evolving. New guidelines offer specific recommendations for acute management and secondary prevention, moving beyond adult-based approaches.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Pharmacology
  • Stroke Medicine

Background:

  • Pediatric ischemic stroke treatment traditionally relies on adult guidelines.
  • This extrapolation is suboptimal due to unique pediatric stroke characteristics, including etiology and hemostatic maturation.
  • Increasing research necessitates pediatric-specific management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current drug therapy recommendations for pediatric ischemic stroke.
  • To provide guidance on both acute management and secondary stroke prevention.
  • To integrate findings from pediatric stroke studies and adult guidelines where applicable.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pediatric stroke research.
  • Analysis of recently published pediatric-specific management guidelines.

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A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
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Rose Bengal Photothrombosis by Confocal Optical Imaging In Vivo: A Model of Single Vessel Stroke
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Rose Bengal Photothrombosis by Confocal Optical Imaging In Vivo: A Model of Single Vessel Stroke

Published on: June 23, 2015

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Neonatal Stroke in P10 Rats
07:56

Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Neonatal Stroke in P10 Rats

Published on: April 21, 2017

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
06:01

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

Published on: August 18, 2015

Rose Bengal Photothrombosis by Confocal Optical Imaging In Vivo: A Model of Single Vessel Stroke
08:07

Rose Bengal Photothrombosis by Confocal Optical Imaging In Vivo: A Model of Single Vessel Stroke

Published on: June 23, 2015

  • Incorporation of relevant adult ischemic stroke guidelines and pediatric data.

    • Main Results:

    • Discussion of antiplatelet, anticoagulant, and thrombolytic drug therapies.
    • Consideration of acute treatment strategies.
    • Outline of approaches for secondary stroke prevention in children.

    Conclusions:

    • Pediatric ischemic stroke management requires specialized, evidence-based drug therapy recommendations.
    • Recent guidelines offer a foundation for improved pediatric stroke care.
    • A shift from adult-derived protocols to pediatric-specific approaches is crucial.