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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Ionic Association01:28

Ionic Association

The ionic association is the association of oppositely charged ions in an electrolyte solution to form ion pairs. Bjerrum defined ion pairs as two oppositely charged ions whose electrostatic attraction exceeds the thermal energy of the system, typically expressed as 2kT. Electrostatic attraction depends on ionic charge, separation distance, and the dielectric constant of the medium. Thermal energy, represented by kT, reflects the tendency of ions to move independently due to molecular motion.
Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects01:26

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects

Schottky defects arise when some lattice points in a crystal, such as those in NaCl, remain unoccupied, creating lattice vacancies without disturbing the overall electrical neutrality of the crystal. This defect is common in ionic crystals where the positive and negative ions are similar in size, as seen in sodium chloride and cesium chloride. The presence of Schottky defects enables the crystal to conduct electricity to a small extent through an ionic mechanism. Electric fields cause nearby...
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or basic...
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

Coordination-network-based ionic plastic crystal for anhydrous proton conductivity.

Satoshi Horike1, Daiki Umeyama, Munehiro Inukai

  • 1Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan. horike@sbchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 20, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel ionic coordination network exhibits plastic crystal behavior, enabling significant proton conductivity. This material demonstrates efficient ion mobility for potential applications in proton-conducting devices.

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Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Chemistry
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Proton conductivity is crucial for energy applications like fuel cells.
  • Developing new materials with high proton mobility at elevated temperatures is an ongoing challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a novel ionic coordination network.
  • To investigate the material's ion dynamics and proton conductivity properties.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of an ionic coordination network comprising protonated imidazole and anionic Zn(2+) phosphate chains.
  • Analysis of crystal lattice structure and ion mobility.
  • Measurement of proton conductivity at elevated temperatures without humidity.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of a unique ionic coordination network.
  • Observation of highly mobile ions within the crystal lattice, characteristic of an ionic plastic crystal.
  • Achieved a proton conductivity of 2.6 × 10(-4) S cm(-1) at 130 °C, independent of humidity.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized ionic coordination network exhibits ionic plastic crystal behavior.
  • The material demonstrates promising proton conductivity, driven by dynamic ion mobility.
  • This finding opens avenues for humidity-independent proton conductors in advanced materials.