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Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria
14:04

Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria

Published on: May 8, 2013

Anti-microbial locks increase the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and antibiotic-resistant Enterobacter:

John J Dixon1, Maggi Steele, A David Makanjuola

  • 1South West Thames Renal and Transplantation Unit, St. Helier Hospital, Carshalton, Surrey, UK. johndixon3@nhs.net

Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
|April 20, 2012
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Antimicrobial lock solutions (AML) effectively reduced catheter-related bloodstream infections (CR-BSI) in hemodialysis patients. However, AML use was associated with increased resistance in certain bacteria, including Enterobacter species.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Microbiology

Background:

  • Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CR-BSI) are a significant complication in patients undergoing haemodialysis.
  • Antimicrobial lock solutions (AML), used with systemic antibiotics, are a potential treatment for CR-BSI.
  • The impact of AML on antimicrobial resistance remains largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of AML in treating CR-BSI.
  • To determine if AML use is associated with the development of antimicrobial resistance.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study comparing CR-BSI cases from 2003-2006.
  • Control group (n=265) received systemic vancomycin and gentamicin.
  • Study group (n=662) received systemic antibiotics plus vancomycin and gentamicin AML.
  • Analysis of organism sensitivity/resistance profiles and infection incidence.

Main Results:

  • AML significantly decreased CR-BSI incidence (3.80 vs 8.50/1000 catheter days) and relapses.
  • A slight increase in Gram-positive cultures, including Staphylococcus aureus, was observed.
  • Increased gentamicin and ciprofloxacin resistance were noted in Gram-negative cultures, particularly Enterobacter species.

Conclusions:

  • AML are effective in reducing CR-BSI incidence and relapses in haemodialysis patients.
  • AML use is associated with increased antimicrobial resistance in specific bacterial populations, notably Enterobacter species.
  • Further research is needed to balance the benefits of AML against the risk of promoting antimicrobial resistance.

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