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Interventions for preventing excessive weight gain during pregnancy.
Benja Muktabhant1, Pisake Lumbiganon, Chetta Ngamjarus
1Department of Nutrition, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand. bmuktabhant@yahoo.com.
The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|April 20, 2012
Summary
This review found insufficient evidence to recommend interventions for preventing excessive pregnancy weight gain. More high-quality trials are needed to assess effectiveness and reduce maternal and neonatal complications.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
- Public Health Nutrition
Background:
- Excessive gestational weight gain is linked to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
- Current interventions for preventing excessive pregnancy weight gain lack sufficient evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the efficacy of interventions aimed at preventing excessive weight gain during pregnancy.
- To evaluate the impact of these interventions on associated pregnancy complications.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of randomized controlled trials and quasi-randomized trials.
- Searches conducted in Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register and MEDLINE.
- Data extraction and quality assessment performed independently by two reviewers.
Main Results:
- 28 studies involving 3976 women were included; 27 contributed to analyses.
- Limited meta-analyses possible due to study heterogeneity; results were often not statistically significant or consistent.
- Behavioral counseling showed a reduction in excessive weight gain in general populations, but no intervention reduced excess gain in high-risk groups. Effects on maternal and neonatal complications were not significant.
Conclusions:
- Insufficient evidence exists to recommend specific interventions for preventing excessive pregnancy weight gain.
- Methodological limitations and small effect sizes necessitate more high-quality, adequately powered randomized controlled trials.
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