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A Complex Diving-For-Food Task to Investigate Social Organization and Interactions in Rats

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Neural circuit reconfiguration by social status.

Fadi A Issa¹, Joanne Drummond, Daniel Cattaert

¹Department of Biology and Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience

|April 20, 2012

Summary

Dominant and subordinate crayfish exhibit distinct neural circuit responses to touch, influencing their behavior. These status-dependent neural differences are intrinsic and not reliant on higher brain signals.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Animal Behavior
Comparative Physiology

Background:

Social rank influences animal behavior.
Neural function underlies behavioral differences.
Neural circuitry differences related to social status are underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate status-dependent differences in neural function in crayfish.
To correlate behavioral responses with neural circuit activity.
To identify the neural basis of social status in crayfish behavior.

Main Methods:

Recorded behavioral orienting responses to unilateral touch in dominant and subordinate crayfish.
Measured leg depressor muscle electromyograms (EMGs).
Recorded depressor motor neuron and serotonergic interneuron activity in vitro.

Main Results:

Dominant and subordinate crayfish showed different behavioral responses to touch.
Neural circuit activity, including motor neurons and interneurons, differed based on social status.
These neural differences correlated with behavioral responses and were intrinsic to local circuits.

Conclusions:

Social status in crayfish is associated with distinct neural circuit configurations.
Intrinsic properties of local neural circuits, including serotonergic modulation, differ between dominant and subordinate individuals.
These status-dependent neural differences do not require continuous descending signals from higher brain centers.