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Realist synthesis: illustrating the method for implementation research.

Jo Rycroft-Malone1, Brendan McCormack, Alison M Hutchinson

  • 1School of Healthcare Sciences, Bangor University, Fron Heulog, Ffriddoedd Road, Bangor, UK. j.rycroft-malone@bangor.ac.uk

Implementation Science : IS
|April 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This paper details a realist synthesis methodology for understanding how interventions enable evidence-informed healthcare. It highlights the approach

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Evidence Synthesis
  • Healthcare Interventions

Background:

  • Realist synthesis is an emerging evidence review approach focusing on intervention mechanisms.
  • Few published examples exist, creating a need for methodological guidance.
  • This paper addresses this gap by detailing a realist review process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the process of conducting a realist review and synthesis.
  • To answer: 'what interventions and strategies are effective in enabling evidence-informed healthcare?'
  • To consider the strengths and challenges of realist review.

Main Methods:

  • Defined review scope through concept mining and framework formulation.
  • Searched, scrutinized, extracted, and synthesized evidence.
  • Developed a narrative including hypotheses based on extracted data.

Main Results:

  • Developed an outcome-focused theoretical framework for evidence-informed healthcare.
  • Tailored review questions to four theory/intervention areas.
  • Included 52 papers in the 'change agency' theory area, with data extraction and synthesis.

Conclusions:

  • Realist synthesis is suitable for complex interventions, considering context and outcomes.
  • The approach offers pragmatic conclusions compared to other systematic reviews.
  • This methodology facilitates systematic and transparent literature synthesis.