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Related Concept Videos

Integration of Synaptic Events01:28

Integration of Synaptic Events

Synaptic integration mainly includes the summation of graded potentials. Graded potentials, regardless of their type, cause subtle alterations in membrane voltage, resulting in either depolarization or hyperpolarization. These incremental changes, when combined or summed, can propel the neuron toward its threshold. Consider, for example, a membrane experiencing a +15 mV shift, causing it to depolarize from -70 mV to -55 mV. In this scenario, graded potentials govern the membrane's ability to...
Postsynaptic Potential (PSP)01:32

Postsynaptic Potential (PSP)

Postsynaptic potential (PSP) refers to a change in the electrical potential of a neuron when neurotransmitters released by presynaptic neurons bind to postsynaptic receptors. This potential can either be excitatory, leading to depolarization and ultimately action potential generation, or inhibitory, leading to hyperpolarization and suppression of the postsynaptic neuron.
There are two types of receptors: ionotropic and metabotropic.
The ionotropic receptor is the membrane protein that has an...
Overview of Synapses01:25

Overview of Synapses

A synapse is a specialized structure where two neurons connect, allowing them to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron. It is the point of communication between neurons. The term "synapse" is derived from the Greek word "synapsis," which means "conjunction." The entire process of neural communication revolves around the synapse. When activated, a neuron releases chemicals known as neurotransmitters into the synapse. These neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind to...
Synaptic Signaling01:09

Synaptic Signaling

Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
Most synapses are chemical, meaning an electrical impulse or action potential spurs the release of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. The neuron sending the signal is called the presynaptic neuron, and the neuron receiving the signal is the postsynaptic neuron.
The presynaptic neuron fires an action potential that...
Synaptic Signaling01:12

Synaptic Signaling

Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Preparation of Synaptic Plasma Membrane and Postsynaptic Density Proteins Using a Discontinuous Sucrose Gradient
08:06

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Published on: September 3, 2014

EphBs: an integral link between synaptic function and synaptopathies.

Sean I Sheffler-Collins1, Matthew B Dalva

  • 1Department of Neuroscience and Farber Institute for Neurosciences, Thomas Jefferson University, 900 Walnut Street, Suite 462, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.

Trends in Neurosciences
|April 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary

EphB receptors are crucial for excitatory synapse formation and function. Their dysfunction is linked to neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and neuropathic pain.

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Preparation of Synaptic Plasma Membrane and Postsynaptic Density Proteins Using a Discontinuous Sucrose Gradient
08:06

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Published on: September 3, 2014

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10:17

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Evaluation of Synaptic Multiplicity Using Whole-cell Patch-clamp Electrophysiology
10:52

Evaluation of Synaptic Multiplicity Using Whole-cell Patch-clamp Electrophysiology

Published on: April 23, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Neuronal circuit assembly requires precise cell-cell interactions.
  • EphB receptor tyrosine kinases are vital for excitatory synaptogenesis and synaptic function.
  • EphB signaling regulates glutamate receptor localization and neuronal morphology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the central role of EphB receptors in excitatory synapse formation and function.
  • To explore the link between EphB-dependent regulation and neurological disorders associated with NMDA receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated EphB receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways.
  • Examined the interaction of EphBs with glutamate receptors.
  • Analyzed the role of EphB in regulating NMDAR localization and function.

Main Results:

  • EphB receptors mediate excitatory synaptogenesis and coordinate synaptic function.
  • EphBs regulate cellular morphology via downstream signaling and interaction with glutamate receptors.
  • Defective EphB regulation of NMDARs is implicated in neuropathic pain, anxiety, and Alzheimer's disease.

Conclusions:

  • EphB receptors serve as a central organizer for excitatory synapse development and function.
  • Dysregulation of EphB signaling contributes to neurological diseases linked to NMDAR dysfunction.