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Related Concept Videos

Tactile and Chemical Senses01:27

Tactile and Chemical Senses

Tactile senses encompass touch, temperature, and pain, each mediated by specific receptors. Touch receptors detect mechanical energy or pressure against the skin. Sensory fibers from these receptors enter the spinal cord and relay information to the brain stem. Here, most fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The touch information then moves to the thalamus, which projects a map of the body's surface onto the somatosensory areas of the parietal lobes in the cerebral cortex. This...
Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
Sensory Modalities01:15

Sensory Modalities

Sensation typically is the process by which the sensory receptors and sense organs detect stimuli from the internal and external environment and transmit this information to the central nervous system for processing.
General senses refer to the broad category of sensory information detected by receptors in the body and can be further grouped into somatic and visceral senses. Somatic sensations include touch, pressure, temperature, and pain and are essential for navigating our environment and...
Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the stimulus...
Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the cochlea, a...
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Applying Incongruent Visual-Tactile Stimuli during Object Transfer with Vibro-Tactile Feedback
05:43

Applying Incongruent Visual-Tactile Stimuli during Object Transfer with Vibro-Tactile Feedback

Published on: May 23, 2019

Multisensory interactions between auditory and haptic object recognition.

Tanja Kassuba1, Mareike M Menz, Brigitte Röder

  • 1Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark. tanjak@drcmr.dk

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|April 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals how the brain integrates sound and touch for object recognition. Semantically congruent audio-haptic information activates specific brain regions like the left fusiform gyrus, crucial for unified object concepts.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Applying Incongruent Visual-Tactile Stimuli during Object Transfer with Vibro-Tactile Feedback
05:43

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Published on: May 23, 2019

Assessment of Audio-Tactile Sensory Substitution Training in Participants with Profound Deafness Using the Event-Related Potential Technique
11:39

Assessment of Audio-Tactile Sensory Substitution Training in Participants with Profound Deafness Using the Event-Related Potential Technique

Published on: September 7, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Sensory Processing

Background:

  • Object recognition relies on integrating sensory information, including sound and touch.
  • Understanding the neural basis of audio-haptic binding is key to explaining how the brain forms unified object representations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the neural correlates of audio-haptic binding for object recognition.
  • To investigate how semantic congruency influences crossmodal object feature matching.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used in healthy volunteers.
  • Participants performed object matching tasks across audition and touch with varying delays.
  • Haptic-to-auditory and auditory-to-haptic matching were dissociated.

Main Results:

  • The left fusiform gyrus (FG) and posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) showed increased activation for semantically congruent crossmodal object stimuli.
  • The FG exhibited this effect for both haptic-to-auditory and auditory-to-haptic matching.
  • Auditory and somatosensory association cortices were active during crossmodal matching, irrespective of semantic congruency.

Conclusions:

  • Multisensory interactions occur at various processing levels for auditory and haptic object information.
  • The left FG acts as a higher-order convergence zone for conceptual object knowledge, integrating audio-haptic information.