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Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
Mass Spectrometry: Carboxylic Acid, Ester, and Amide Fragmentation01:01

Mass Spectrometry: Carboxylic Acid, Ester, and Amide Fragmentation

The fragmentation patterns observed for compounds such as carboxylic acids, esters, and amides in the mass spectra include ⍺-cleavage and McLafferty rearrangement. Fragmentation by ⍺-cleavage preferentially occurs at the carbon-carbon bond at the ⍺-position next to the carboxylic group to generate a neutral radical and a cation. Long chain compounds with hydrogen at their γ-carbon undergo McLafferty rearrangement to give a radical cation and a neutral alkene.
For example, the fragmentation of...
Mass Spectrum: Interpretation01:24

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...
MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
Mass Spectrometry: Overview01:19

Mass Spectrometry: Overview

Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass. One common type of ionization, known as electron ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave behind a...
Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry01:12

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry

Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
ESI utilizes electrical energy to transfer ions from the liquid phase of the sample into the...

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Using a Cyclic Ion Mobility Spectrometer for Tandem Ion Mobility Experiments
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Published on: January 20, 2022

Extracted Fragment Ion Mobility Distributions: A New Method for Complex Mixture Analysis.

Sunyoung Lee1, Zhiyu Li, Stephen J Valentine

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405.

International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
|April 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel method reconstructs ion mobility distributions for precursor ions by analyzing fragment ion drift times. This technique enhances the characterization of complex mixtures, including fuel components and peptide isomers.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) is a powerful analytical technique.
  • Characterizing complex mixtures and isomeric species often presents significant analytical challenges due to similar mass-to-charge ratios.
  • Existing methods may struggle with the detailed analysis of precursor ions within intricate sample matrices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a new method for constructing ion mobility distributions of precursor ions.
  • To demonstrate the utility of this method in analyzing complex samples, including biological molecules and fuel extracts.
  • To overcome limitations in separating and characterizing species with identical or similar mass-to-charge (m/z) values.

Main Methods:

  • The method relies on extracting drift time distributions of specific fragment ions.
  • These distributions are used to determine the mobility distributions of the original precursor ions.
  • The approach was validated using an instrument combining ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) with ion trap mass spectrometry (MS) and ion fragmentation.

Main Results:

  • The method successfully determined precursor ion mobility distributions for electrosprayed ubiquitin ions.
  • It enabled the distinction of isobaric components in a diesel fuel extract, differentiating cycloalkyl-pyridine and pyrindan derivatives.
  • The analysis of phosphopeptide isomers (LFpTGHPESLER and LFTGHPEpSLER) demonstrated the method's capability in resolving complex mixtures.

Conclusions:

  • The presented method effectively constructs ion mobility distributions for precursor ions.
  • This approach significantly aids in the separation and characterization of species with similar m/z values in complex mixtures.
  • The technique offers a valuable tool for advanced analytical challenges in various scientific domains.