The role of matrix metalloproteinases in diabetes mellitus

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Science
• Endocrinology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, impacting various vascular components.
• Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors are implicated in the development and progression of diabetic microvascular complications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of MMPs in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications.
• To highlight the involvement of MMPs in diabetic nephropathy, cardiomyopathy, peripheral arterial disease, and cerebrovascular complications.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of experimental data and current evidence.
• Analysis of MMPs' function in extracellular matrix deposition, myocardial remodeling, angiogenesis, and wound healing in diabetes.

Main Results:

• Altered MMPs expression contributes to extracellular matrix deposition and glomerular hypertrophy in diabetic nephropathy.
• MMPs are involved in collagen breakdown, myocardial remodeling, and coronary plaque vulnerability in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
• MMP activity impairs angiogenesis in diabetic peripheral arterial disease and influences cerebral circulation in diabetes.
• Excess MMPs may negatively impact diabetic wound healing.

Conclusions:

• MMPs play a significant role in the pathophysiology of various diabetic vascular complications.
• Further research is needed to elucidate the precise role of MMPs in diabetes and explore potential therapeutic interventions targeting MMPs.