Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Using Live Cell STED Imaging to Visualize Mitochondrial Inner Membrane Ultrastructure in Neuronal Cell Models
08:48

Using Live Cell STED Imaging to Visualize Mitochondrial Inner Membrane Ultrastructure in Neuronal Cell Models

Published on: June 30, 2023

Primary mitochondrial arteriopathy

J Finsterer1, S Zarrouk Mahjoub

  • 1Danube University Krems, Krems, Postfach 20, 1180 Vienna, Austria. fipaps@yahoo.de

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases : NMCD
|April 24, 2012
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Arteries are significantly impacted in mitochondrial disorders (MIDs), affecting both large and small vessels. This vascular involvement, or arteriopathy, influences patient prognosis and outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Mitochondrial Medicine
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Mitochondrial disorders (MIDs) are a group of debilitating diseases affecting cellular energy production.
  • The role of arteries in MIDs has been a subject of ongoing research and debate.
  • Growing evidence suggests significant vascular involvement in MIDs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize existing literature on arterial involvement in mitochondrial disorders.
  • To elucidate the types and manifestations of arteriopathy in MIDs.
  • To understand the impact of vascular complications on patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of studies investigating vascular involvement in MIDs.
  • Analysis of reported cases of arteriopathy in various arterial beds.
  • Correlation of vascular findings with clinical manifestations and risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Vascular involvement in MIDs encompasses micro- and macroangiopathy affecting cerebral, retinal, aortic, and other arteries.
  • Manifestations include atherosclerosis, stenosis, occlusion, dissection, ectasia, aneurysm, and arteriovenous malformations.
  • Evidence includes histological, imaging, and perfusion studies, with high prevalence in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy and associations with migraine and premature atherosclerosis.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondrial arteriopathy commonly affects cerebral arteries and can stem from metabolic defects or secondary risk factors.
  • Vascular complications in MIDs significantly impact patient prognosis and overall outcome.
  • Early recognition and management of arteriopathy are crucial for improving patient care in MIDs.

More Related Videos

Histological Examination of Mitochondrial Morphology in a Parkinson's Disease Model06:07

Histological Examination of Mitochondrial Morphology in a Parkinson's Disease Model

Published on: June 23, 2023

Visualization of Mitochondrial Respiratory Function using Cytochrome C Oxidase / Succinate Dehydrogenase (COX/SDH) Double-labeling Histochemistry06:53

Visualization of Mitochondrial Respiratory Function using Cytochrome C Oxidase / Succinate Dehydrogenase (COX/SDH) Double-labeling Histochemistry

Published on: November 23, 2011

Related Concept Videos

ATP Synthase: Mechanism01:48

ATP Synthase: Mechanism

In animals, the mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase is the key protein that synthesizes ATP molecules through a complex catalytic mechanism. While the nuclear genome encodes the majority of ATP synthase subunits, the mitochondrial genome encodes some of the enzyme's most critical components. The formation of this multi-subunit enzyme is a complex multi-step process regulated at the level of transcription, translation, and assembly. Defects in one or more of these steps can result in decreased ATP...
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane01:28

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria.  In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics02:59

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics

Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...