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Refractory relapsing polychondritis in a child treated with antiCD20 monoclonal antibody (rituximab): first case

Reem Abdwani1, Arif Ali Kolethekkat, Rashid Al Abri

  • 1Department of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultanate of Oman, Oman.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|April 24, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, effectively treated refractory relapsing polychondritis in a pediatric patient unresponsive to other therapies. This biological agent shows promise for children with this rare autoimmune condition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Rare Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare, progressive autoimmune disease affecting cartilage.
  • Refractory cases in children are challenging, with limited treatment options beyond conventional immunosuppressants.

Observation:

  • A 10-year-old boy with severe, refractory RP initially received prednisolone and methotrexate without success.
  • Subsequent treatment with infliximab (anti-TNF antagonist) also failed to induce remission.

Findings:

  • Treatment with rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, resulted in significant clinical remission.
  • The patient remained in remission for one year, indicating sustained efficacy.

Implications:

  • This case highlights rituximab as a potential effective biological therapy for pediatric refractory RP.
  • It expands the understanding of biological agent use in younger patients with RP, addressing a gap in current literature.

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