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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
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Vaccines01:21

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Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...
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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...

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Intralymphatic Immunotherapy and Vaccination in Mice
07:33

Intralymphatic Immunotherapy and Vaccination in Mice

Published on: February 2, 2014

Vaccines for allergy.

Birgit Linhart1, Rudolf Valenta

  • 1Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Austria.

Current Opinion in Immunology
|April 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Allergy vaccines, or allergen-specific immunotherapy, offer disease-modifying treatment for allergies. New molecular allergy vaccines promise targeted therapy with fewer side effects, potentially controlling the allergy pandemic.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Allergies involve an overactive immune response to harmless environmental substances (allergens).
  • Allergen-specific immunotherapy is the only existing therapy that modifies the course of allergic disease.
  • Traditional allergen vaccines have limitations due to side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of novel allergy vaccines in modifying allergic immune responses.
  • To highlight advancements in allergy diagnosis and vaccine development through molecular characterization.
  • To assess the efficacy and safety of new molecular allergy vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Development of allergy vaccines using recombinant allergen derivatives, peptides, and genes.
  • Molecular characterization of allergens to enable precise targeting of the immune system.
  • Clinical trials evaluating new forms of allergy vaccines.

Main Results:

  • New molecular allergy vaccines demonstrate potential for sophisticated immune system targeting.
  • These advanced vaccines may reduce or eliminate side effects associated with traditional therapies.
  • Clinical trials show promising results for broad allergy vaccination strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular allergy vaccines represent a significant advancement in allergy treatment.
  • These novel vaccines offer a promising path towards controlling the global allergy pandemic.
  • Further development and clinical application of molecular allergy vaccines are anticipated.