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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Retroductal Submandibular Gland Instillation and Localized Fractionated Irradiation in a Rat Model of Salivary Hypofunction
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DNA demethylating agent decitabine increases AQP5 expression and restores salivary function.

Y Yamamura1, K Aota, T Yamanoi

  • 1Department of Oral Medicine, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima, Graduate Faculty of Dentistry, Tokushima, Japan.

Journal of Dental Research
|April 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary

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DNA demethylating agents, like decitabine (5-Aza-CdR), can restore salivary flow in aging mice. This research suggests potential treatments for age-related dry mouth (xerostomia) by targeting salivary gland function.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oral Medicine

Background:

  • Xerostomia (dry mouth) is a common symptom in aging populations, often linked to reduced salivary gland function.
  • Age-related xerostomia can lead to significant oral health issues in elderly individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of DNA demethylating agents to restore salivary flow in an aging mouse model.
  • To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of decitabine on salivary gland function and AQP5 expression.

Main Methods:

  • Administration of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (decitabine), a DNA demethylating agent, to aging C57BL/6CrSlc mice.
  • Assessment of salivary flow volume, AQP5 protein expression via Western blot and immunohistochemistry, and global DNA methylation levels.

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  • Analysis of AQP5 promoter methylation status.

    • Main Results:

    • Decitabine treatment significantly increased salivary flow volumes in aging mice compared to controls.
    • Augmented expression of Aquaporin-5 (AQP5) protein was observed in the salivary glands of decitabine-treated mice.
    • Decitabine reduced global DNA methylation and induced demethylation in the AQP5 promoter in salivary glands.

    Conclusions:

    • DNA demethylating agents, such as decitabine, show promise for treating hyposalivation and xerostomia in the elderly.
    • The mechanism involves increased AQP5 expression, potentially mediated by epigenetic modifications in the salivary glands.