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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

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Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation in Gastrointestinal Cancer
07:50

Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation in Gastrointestinal Cancer

Published on: September 18, 2020

Key epigenetic changes associated with lung cancer development: results from dense methylation array profiling.

Heather H Nelson1, Carmen J Marsit, Brock C Christensen

  • 1Masonic Cancer Center, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. hhnelson@umn.edu

Epigenetics
|April 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Epigenetic alterations in lung cancer are common. This study identified key DNA methylation changes in HOXA9, SOX1, and DDR1 genes, offering potential biomarkers for early non-small cell lung cancer detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Epigenetic alterations, particularly DNA methylation changes, are hallmarks of cancer development.
  • Identifying consistent methylation patterns in lung cancer can provide insights into tumorigenesis and potential biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify common DNA methylation alterations associated with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development.
  • To validate these methylation changes as potential biomarkers for lung cancer screening.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of paired tumor and non-tumor lung tissues from 146 individuals across three populations.
  • Utilized Illumina GoldenGate arrays for initial discovery and bisulfite pyrosequencing for validation.
  • Calculated methylation change (odds ratio) at CpG sites and ranked by magnitude.

Main Results:

  • Identified significant methylation changes in HOXA9 (increased), SOX1 (increased), and DDR1 (decreased) genes.
  • These methylation alterations were consistent across tumor types (squamous cell and adenocarcinoma) and validated in independent sets.
  • Methylation changes were statistically significant (p < 2.2 × 10⁻¹⁶).

Conclusions:

  • HOXA9, SOX1, and DDR1 exhibit consistent, significant DNA methylation changes in NSCLC.
  • These genes represent promising candidates for translational studies aimed at early lung cancer detection and screening.
  • Epigenetic profiling offers valuable insights into lung cancer pathogenesis.