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Related Concept Videos

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
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DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
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A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
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Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
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Updated: May 23, 2026

Development of an Uncomplicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Model Modified by Weight-Drop Method and Evidenced by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Traumatic chiasmal syndrome.

Sandeep Mohindra1, Manish Sharma, Satyawati Mohindra

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. sandeepneuro@gmail.com

British Journal of Neurosurgery
|April 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Closed head trauma can cause bitemporal hemianopsia due to chiasmal contusion. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for evaluating optic pathway injuries, even without bone fragments or pituitary issues.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-ophthalmology
  • Neuroradiology
  • Traumatic Brain Injury

Background:

  • Bitemporal hemianopsia, a visual field defect affecting both temporal visual fields, can result from optic chiasm damage.
  • Closed head trauma is a common cause of brain injury, with potential for diverse neurological sequelae.
  • Optic pathway involvement following head injury requires careful diagnostic evaluation.

Observation:

  • A case presentation of a patient with closed head trauma experiencing bitemporal hemianopsia.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed contusion of the optic chiasm as the etiology of the visual deficits.
  • The injury occurred without evidence of bony chip impingement or signs of hypopituitarism.

Findings:

  • Chiasmal contusion following closed head trauma can manifest as bitemporal hemianopsia.
  • Optic pathway injury is possible even in the absence of direct bony impaction on the chiasm.
  • Hypopituitarism is not a mandatory clinical feature of traumatic optic chiasm injury.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering optic pathway injury in patients with head trauma and visual field defects.
  • MRI evaluation of the optic pathways is warranted in suspected cases of traumatic chiasmal injury, irrespective of bony fragments or pituitary dysfunction.
  • Understanding these injury mechanisms aids in accurate diagnosis and management of visual impairments post-trauma.