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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells01:12

Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells

The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular cells,...
Layers of the Epidermis01:21

Layers of the Epidermis

The epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin, is composed of several distinct layers. From deep to superficial, the layers of the epidermis are as follows:
Stratum Basale
Stratum basale, also known as the stratum germinativum, is the deepest layer of the epidermis. It is composed of a single layer of actively dividing cells called basal cells or basal keratinocytes. These cells constantly undergo cell division to replenish the upper layers of the epidermis. Additionally, melanocytes, which...

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Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model
12:37

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Published on: September 7, 2013

Skin Protection for (SPF) Kids Program.

Deborah K Walker1

  • 1University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Nursing, Birmingham, AL, USA. dkwalker@uab.edu

Journal of Pediatric Nursing
|April 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Childhood sun exposure increases skin cancer risk. This program provided evidence-based guidelines for teachers and parents to prevent skin cancer in elementary school children.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Skin cancer incidence is rapidly increasing in the United States.
  • Excessive sun exposure during childhood and adolescence is a primary risk factor for developing skin cancer later in life.
  • Over 1 million new skin cancer cases were diagnosed in the U.S. in 2009.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and implement a primary prevention program for skin cancer.
  • To provide evidence-based guidelines for teachers and parents to reduce sun exposure in school-age children.
  • To support early intervention strategies for skin cancer prevention.

Main Methods:

  • A unique evidence-based program was created by combining existing literature guidelines.
  • The program included classroom materials for teachers and informational guidelines for parents.
  • Intervention was targeted at school-age children from kindergarten through fifth grade.

Main Results:

  • The program successfully delivered skin cancer prevention guidelines to elementary school students.
  • Classroom and home-based interventions aimed to reduce harmful sun exposure.
  • The initiative supported a multi-faceted approach to primary cancer prevention.

Conclusions:

  • Implementing evidence-based prevention programs in schools is crucial for public health.
  • Educating children, teachers, and parents can mitigate risks associated with excessive sun exposure.
  • Early intervention strategies are key to combating the rising rates of skin cancer.