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Development of the E4T electrohydraulic total artificial heart
S C Himley1, K C Butler, A Massiello
1Cleveland Clinic-Nimbus Cardiac Prosthesis Development Group, Ohio.
ASAIO Transactions
|July 1, 1990
Summary
A novel, implantable total artificial heart (TAH) utilizes electrohydraulic energy conversion for efficient pumping. This compact TAH design meets anatomical and physiological needs, offering a promising solution for cardiac replacement.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Cardiovascular Devices
- Implantable Systems
Background:
- Development of a completely implantable total artificial heart (TAH) builds upon extensive research.
- Existing artificial heart technologies face challenges in long-term reliability and patient quality of life.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the design and key features of a novel, completely implantable total artificial heart (TAH).
- To outline the engineering requirements and achieved specifications for the TAH system.
Main Methods:
- Utilizes biolized surface-treated pusher plate blood pumps powered by an interventricular electrohydraulic energy converter.
- Incorporates a variable volume device referencing back of pusher plates to lung pressure.
- Features a transcutaneous energy transmission system with a wearable external battery and an implanted internal battery for backup power.
Main Results:
- Achieved a compact pumping unit (98 mm diameter, 80 mm thick) meeting anatomic, physiologic, and engineering requirements.
- Blood pumps have a truncated conical shape with a 21 mm thick interventricular septum.
- Theoretical stroke volume is 64 ml, with normal operation yielding 53 ml net output, accounting for valve regurgitation.
Conclusions:
- The developed TAH system is compact and meets essential design requirements.
- The electrohydraulic energy converter and integrated power system offer a viable approach for implantable artificial hearts.
- Further development aims to optimize this TAH for clinical application.