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An artificial heart driven by liquid gas.

Y Abe1, T Chinzei, K Imachi

  • 1Institute of Medical Electronics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.

ASAIO Transactions
|July 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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This study introduces a novel artificial heart (AH) driving system using liquid gas. The system efficiently pumps blood using a closed-cycle vaporization and liquefaction process, offering a compact design.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Devices
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Artificial heart (AH) systems require reliable and compact driving mechanisms.
  • Existing AH systems often necessitate bulky components like pressure chambers.
  • A need exists for efficient, implantable circulatory support devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and demonstrate a novel artificial heart driving system utilizing a liquid gas mechanism.
  • To evaluate the feasibility and performance of a prototype liquid gas-driven artificial heart.
  • To highlight the advantages of this new driving system for potential implantation.

Main Methods:

  • A liquid gas (Freon 114) was employed as the driving source in a closed-cycle system.
  • The system utilized vaporization pressure to eject blood and negative pressure for aspiration.

Related Experiment Videos

  • A prototype sac-type blood pump was developed and tested at various rates.
  • A small compressor and heat exchanger facilitated gas liquefaction and system cycling.

    • Main Results:

    • The artificial heart driving system successfully operated in a closed cycle.
    • A maximum flow rate of 6.9 L/min was achieved at 100 pulses per minute with a 90 ml sac-type blood pump.
    • The system demonstrated the potential for a compact, implantable device.

    Conclusions:

    • The liquid gas-driven artificial heart system offers a promising alternative to conventional designs.
    • Key advantages include a smaller system size, elimination of pressure chambers, and potential for biventricular application with a single compressor.
    • This technology could lead to more integrated and less obtrusive artificial heart solutions.