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Related Experiment Videos

Right-left ventricular balance in implanted electrically powered artificial hearts.

J W Long1, P Khanwilkar, K R Crump

  • 1Artificial Heart Research Laboratory, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84103.

ASAIO Transactions
|July 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

An electrohydraulic total artificial heart (EHTAH) with an interatrial shunt (IAS) effectively balanced right-left heart function in calves. This EHTAH system showed autoregulation and Starling-like responsiveness, proving promising for artificial heart development.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Total artificial hearts (TAHs) aim to replace failing native hearts.
  • Achieving stable right-left heart balance is crucial for TAH function.
  • Existing TAH systems face challenges in maintaining hemodynamic stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate an electrohydraulic total artificial heart (EHTAH) utilizing an interatrial shunt (IAS) for right-left heart balance.
  • To assess the hemodynamic performance and autoregulation of the EHTAH system in vivo.
  • To determine the efficacy of the IAS in managing preload and afterload variations.

Main Methods:

  • Acute in vivo evaluation of an EHTAH in open-chested calves.
  • Utilized an interatrial shunt (IAS) for hemodynamic balance.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Monitored cardiac output, atrial pressures, and IAS flow rates under varying preload and afterload conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • The EHTAH demonstrated physiologic autoregulation and Starling-like responsiveness to preload.
    • Cardiac output ranged from 4 to 9 L/min with increasing right atrial pressure.
    • IAS effectively balanced the EHTAH, with shunt flow varying from 2% to 14% of cardiac output.
    • Left atrial pressures remained close to right atrial pressures, indicating successful balance.

    Conclusions:

    • The interatrial shunt (IAS) approach provides effective right-left balance for electrohydraulic total artificial hearts (EHTAH).
    • The EHTAH system exhibits promising autoregulation and hemodynamic stability.
    • The IAS offers significant anatomic, surgical, and engineering advantages, justifying further development for long-term artificial heart designs.