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Cytokine production by blue tongue virus-infected fetal sheep cells
Abstract:
The migration inhibition of guinea pig peritoneal macrophages by a factor(s) from media obtained from blue tongue virus-infected monolayer cultures was studied. Medium from blue tongue virus-infected sheep fetal cell cultures inhibited migration of guinea pig macrophages from agarose droplets. Medium from control cultures and stock virus did not inhibit macrophage migration. Medium containing migration inhibiting factor(s) in vitro induced an inflammatory reaction in the skin of a newborn sheep. The inflammatory reaction was observed 20 h after intradermal inoculation. The skin reaction consisted of infiltrates of mononuclear leukocytes in the superficial dermis. Control medium and stock virus caused no skin reaction.
Insights
Blue tongue virus infection produces factors that inhibit macrophage migration and cause skin inflammation in sheep. These findings suggest a role for these factors in the pathogenesis of blue tongue virus disease.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Pathology
Background:
- Blue tongue virus (BTV) is an important arbovirus affecting livestock.
- Understanding BTV's interaction with the host immune system is crucial for disease control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of BTV-infected cell culture media on guinea pig macrophage migration.
- To determine if BTV-derived factors induce inflammatory responses in vivo.
Main Methods:
- Macrophage migration inhibition assays using agarose droplets.
- Intradermal inoculation of newborn sheep with cell culture media.
- Histopathological examination of skin reactions.
Main Results:
- Medium from BTV-infected sheep fetal cells significantly inhibited guinea pig macrophage migration.
- Control media and stock virus did not inhibit migration.
- In vitro migration inhibition factors induced mononuclear leukocyte infiltrates in sheep skin 20 hours post-inoculation.
Conclusions:
- BTV-infected cell cultures release factors that inhibit macrophage migration.
- These factors can induce an inflammatory skin reaction in vivo, characterized by mononuclear cell infiltration.
- These findings contribute to understanding BTV pathogenesis and immune evasion strategies.