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Related Concept Videos

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
Dementia l: Introduction01:22

Dementia l: Introduction

Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
Dementia01:30

Dementia

Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual.
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains
12:28

Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains

Published on: June 3, 2020

Frontotemporal dementia in elderly individuals.

Atik Baborie1, Tim D Griffiths, Evelyn Jaros

  • 1Department of Neuropathology, Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Liverpool, England, UK. a.baborie@liv.ac.uk

Archives of Neurology
|April 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) in elderly individuals presents differently than in younger patients, with more memory loss and distinct neuropathology. This condition is underrecognized in older adults and may mimic atypical Alzheimer disease.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains
12:28

Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains

Published on: June 3, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuropathology
  • Geriatric Medicine

Background:

  • Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is typically associated with younger onset.
  • Distinguishing FTLD in elderly individuals from other dementias is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.

Observation:

  • Elderly FTLD cases exhibit behavioral changes similar to younger FTLD but with significantly higher rates of symptomatic memory loss.
  • Neuropathological examination reveals commonality in FTLD subtypes but increased prevalence and severity of hippocampal sclerosis in elderly patients.
  • Cortical lobar atrophy is less pronounced in elderly FTLD compared to presenile-onset cases.

Findings:

  • FTLD in elderly individuals is a distinct clinical and neuropathological entity.
  • Key clinical features include prominent memory loss and behavioral changes.
  • Neuropathological hallmarks include significant hippocampal sclerosis and reduced lobar atrophy.

Implications:

  • Elderly FTLD is likely underdiagnosed and should be considered in older patients with "atypical Alzheimer disease" phenotypes.
  • Recognition of these distinct features can improve diagnostic accuracy in geriatric dementia cases.
  • Further research into the specific mechanisms driving FTLD in the elderly is warranted.