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Population-attributable risks for ischemic stroke in a community in South Brazil: a case-control study
Adroaldo Baseggio Mallmann1, Sandra Costa Fuchs, Miguel Gus
1Universidade de Passo Fundo- School of Medicine, Passo Fundo, Brazil.
Plos One
|April 25, 2012
Summary
Nine key risk factors, including atrial fibrillation and hypertension, explain nearly all population-attributable risk for ischemic stroke. Identifying and managing these factors is crucial for stroke prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Established risk factors for ischemic stroke exist but their combined population-attributable risk (PAR) is not well-defined globally.
- This study aimed to quantify the PAR for ischemic stroke, incorporating factors not previously studied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate individual odds ratios (ORs) for various risk factors associated with ischemic stroke.
- To determine the combined population-attributable risk percentage (PAR%) for ischemic stroke based on identified risk factors.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study design was employed.
- Cases were patients aged 45+ with a first-time ischemic stroke. Controls were matched by age and gender without neurological complaints.
- Data were collected from patients attending an emergency department.
Main Results:
- Key risk factors identified with high ORs include atrial fibrillation (27.3), left ventricular hypertrophy (20.3), and hypertension (11.2).
- Other significant factors were physical inactivity (6.6), low HDL-cholesterol (5.0), heavy smoking (2.8), carotid bruit (2.5), diabetes (2.4), and alcohol abuse (2.1).
- The combined analysis of these nine risk factors accounted for 98.9% of the population-attributable risk for ischemic stroke.
Conclusions:
- A small set of nine easily identifiable risk factors collectively explain almost 100% of the population-attributable risk for ischemic stroke.
- These findings highlight the potential for significant stroke prevention through targeted management of these prevalent risk factors.
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