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Related Concept Videos

Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description01:30

Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description

The pleura is a vital part of the respiratory system. It's a double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity. The two layers of the pleura are:
Pleura of the Lungs01:13

Pleura of the Lungs

The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
Pleural Effusion I: Introduction01:25

Pleural Effusion I: Introduction

Pleural effusion is an abnormal fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, a narrow space between the lungs and the chest wall. It is not a disease per se but rather a symptom or indication of an underlying disease. In normal circumstances, this space contains a small amount of fluid (5 to 15 mL), a lubricant facilitating the non-frictional movement of the pleural surfaces.
There are two main types of pleural effusion: transudative and exudative. They are differentiated using Light's criteria,...
Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management01:28

Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management

Pleural Effusion Overview
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
Clinical Manifestations:
Ascites01:19

Ascites

DefinitionAscites is the buildup of fluid inside the peritoneal cavity. It occurs when fluid moves out of the vascular system faster than the peritoneal lymphatics can remove it. This fluid shift is most commonly seen in liver cirrhosis but can also appear in several other systemic disorders.EtiologyCirrhosis remains the leading cause of ascites. Other conditions that can contribute include:Heart failureConstrictive pericarditisAbdominal cancersNephrotic syndromeSevere protein–calorie...
Peritoneum01:21

Peritoneum

The peritoneum is a vital membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the organs within it. It plays a crucial role in protecting the organs, providing a smooth surface for their movement, and facilitating various physiological processes. Understanding the anatomy and function of the peritoneum is essential for comprehending the complexities of the abdominal region.
Anatomy of the Peritoneum
The peritoneum is divided into two layers: the parietal peritoneum and the visceral...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Laparoscopic Left Lateral Sectionectomy: Guided by the Ligamentum Teres Hepatis and the Umbilical Fissure Vein
03:33

Laparoscopic Left Lateral Sectionectomy: Guided by the Ligamentum Teres Hepatis and the Umbilical Fissure Vein

Published on: September 27, 2024

Loiasis with pleural and peritoneal involvement.

Christophe Ghys1, Marielle Morissens, Laurence Rozen

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire-CHU, Brugmann, Brussels, Belgium. christophe.GHYS@chu-brugmann.be

Journal of Travel Medicine
|April 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary

A rare case of loiasis, a parasitic infection, presented as chronic fluid buildup in the chest and abdomen. Conventional treatment resolved the effusion, highlighting unusual visceral involvement of this tropical disease.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Laparoscopic Left Lateral Sectionectomy: Guided by the Ligamentum Teres Hepatis and the Umbilical Fissure Vein
03:33

Laparoscopic Left Lateral Sectionectomy: Guided by the Ligamentum Teres Hepatis and the Umbilical Fissure Vein

Published on: September 27, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Tropical Medicine
  • Parasitology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Loiasis is a parasitic filarial disease endemic to West and Central Africa.
  • It is typically characterized by the presence of the adult worm Loa loa under the conjunctiva or in subcutaneous tissues.
  • Visceral involvement is uncommon, with most cases presenting with Calabar swellings or ocular manifestations.

Observation:

  • A 50-year-old woman from the Democratic Republic of Congo presented with a chronic pleuroperitoneal effusion.
  • The patient had no typical signs of loiasis such as Calabar swellings or conjunctival microfilariae.
  • Diagnostic investigations revealed evidence suggestive of loiasis as the underlying cause of the effusion.

Findings:

  • Atypical loiasis was diagnosed as the cause of the chronic pleuroperitoneal effusion.
  • The effusion resolved completely following standard antiparasitic treatment.
  • No recurrence of the effusion was observed during a 4-month follow-up period.

Implications:

  • This case expands the spectrum of clinical presentations of loiasis, particularly concerning visceral involvement.
  • It underscores the importance of considering loiasis in the differential diagnosis of unexplained effusions in endemic regions.
  • Further research may be warranted to understand the mechanisms and prevalence of visceral loiasis.