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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Establishment and Characterization of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Establishment and Characterization of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Published on: June 2, 2023

Pioglitazone therapy in progressive differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

S J Rosenbaum-Krumme¹, A Bockisch, J Nagarajah

¹Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Essen, Essen, Germany. sandra.rosenbaum-krumme@uk-essen.de

Nuklearmedizin. Nuclear Medicine

|April 26, 2012

Summary

Pioglitazone did not show redifferentiative effects in progressive differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients. While tolerated, it did not improve radioiodine uptake or halt disease progression as hoped.

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Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Establishment and Characterization of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Establishment and Characterization of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Published on: June 2, 2023

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Oncology
Nuclear Medicine

Background:

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) can become progressive and radioiodine-refractory.
Rosiglitazone showed redifferentiative and antiproliferative effects in DTC but is unavailable.
Pioglitazone, another glitazone, was investigated for similar therapeutic potential.

Observation:

Five patients with progressive DTC and low iodine uptake received oral pioglitazone for six months.
Re-differentiation was assessed using 124I-NaI PET/CT dosimetry.
Anti-proliferative effects were evaluated via 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging and RECIST/EORTC criteria.

Findings:

Pioglitazone did not demonstrate a redifferentiative effect in progressive DTC.
No patient was eligible for radioiodine therapy due to unchanged or worsened lesion dosimetry.
Tumor burden progressed in 3/5 patients; metabolic response was mixed, with one partial response.
Pioglitazone was well-tolerated with no significant toxicity.

Implications:

Pioglitazone does not appear to be an effective treatment for radioiodine-negative progressive DTC.
The study highlights the limited efficacy of glitazones in this patient population.
Further research into novel therapeutic strategies for refractory DTC is warranted.