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Penetration of aminoglycosides into human peritoneal tissue
Abstract:
Each of 30 patients underwent elective laparotomy following administration of a single intravenous dose of amikacin, netilmicin or tobramycin. Therapeutic concentrations of amikacin were achieved in peritoneal tissue in 10/10 patients. Only 13/20 samples from patients receiving the other two antibiotics showed antibacterial activity. Our data suggest that the penetrability of tobramycin (53%) and amikacin (39%) into the uninflamed peritoneal tissue is superior to that of netilmicin (16%).
Insights
Amikacin and tobramycin show better peritoneal tissue penetration than netilmicin in patients undergoing laparotomy. These findings are crucial for optimizing antibiotic selection in abdominal surgery.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Surgical Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Microbiology
Background:
- Aminoglycoside antibiotics are frequently used for surgical prophylaxis and treatment.
- Understanding antibiotic penetration into peritoneal tissue is vital for effective treatment of intra-abdominal infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the penetration of amikacin, netilmicin, and tobramycin into peritoneal tissue.
- To evaluate therapeutic concentrations of these aminoglycosides in patients undergoing elective laparotomy.
Main Methods:
- 30 patients undergoing elective laparotomy received a single intravenous dose of amikacin, netilmicin, or tobramycin.
- Peritoneal tissue samples were analyzed for antibacterial activity.
- Antibiotic penetrability was calculated based on achieved concentrations.
Main Results:
- Therapeutic amikacin concentrations were achieved in 100% of samples (10/10).
- Antibacterial activity was observed in 65% of samples for tobramycin (13/20) and netilmicin (13/20).
- Peritoneal tissue penetrability was highest for tobramycin (53%) and amikacin (39%), compared to netilmicin (16%).
Conclusions:
- Amikacin and tobramycin demonstrate superior penetration into uninflamed peritoneal tissue compared to netilmicin.
- These findings support the use of amikacin and tobramycin for achieving adequate therapeutic concentrations in peritoneal tissues during abdominal surgery.