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Related Concept Videos

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).
Connective Tissue Cell Types01:22

Connective Tissue Cell Types

Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:28

Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements

Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:18

Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements

Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ meats, shellfish,...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...

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Related Experiment Videos

Dietary reference intervals for vitamin D.

Kevin D Cashman1

  • 1Vitamin D Research Group, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, and Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. k.cashman@ucc.ie

Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. Supplementum
|April 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study compares vitamin D dietary reference intervals across North America, the UK, and Europe. It examines their scientific basis and application for assessing population vitamin D intake adequacy.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Public Health Nutrition
  • Dietary Assessment

Background:

  • Dietary reference intervals, including Dietary Reference Values (DRV) and Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI), quantify nutrient requirements.
  • North American DRI for vitamin D represent the most current and comprehensive evaluation.
  • Existing UK and European Community DRVs for vitamin D are under review.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overview and compare three sets of dietary reference intervals for vitamin D.
  • To highlight similarities and differences in vitamin D reference intervals across regions.
  • To explain the scientific basis behind these reference intervals and their application.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of vitamin D dietary reference intervals from North America, UK, and European Community.
  • Review of the scientific literature and reports underpinning these reference intervals.
  • Examination of methodologies for applying these intervals in population intake assessments.

Main Results:

  • Identified similarities and potential differences in vitamin D reference intervals across regions.
  • Highlighted the scientific rationale influencing variations in these reference intervals.
  • Demonstrated the application of these intervals for assessing population vitamin D intake.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding regional differences in vitamin D reference intervals is crucial for accurate nutritional assessment.
  • The scientific basis for DRIs and DRVs influences their specific values and applications.
  • These reference intervals are vital tools for evaluating and ensuring adequate vitamin D intake in populations.