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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management01:22

Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

[Contrast-induced nephropathy: the VIKISAFE study group statement].

Claudio Ronco1, Mauro Maioli, Vito Lorusso

  • 1Dipartimento di Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto Renale, Ospedale San Bortolo, Vicenza, Italy. cronco@goldnet.it

Giornale Italiano Di Nefrologia : Organo Ufficiale Della Societa Italiana Di Nefrologia
|April 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) requires standardized diagnostic criteria for accurate epidemiology. This study evaluates iodixanol

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Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology, Cardiology, Radiology, and Pharmacology

Background:

  • Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is now defined as contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI), a significant clinical event requiring a multidisciplinary approach.
  • Evolving diagnostic criteria for CI-AKI, including biomarkers like NGAL and cystatin C, necessitate re-evaluation of its epidemiology.
  • Standardized diagnostic criteria are crucial for comparing studies on CI-AKI prevention, particularly regarding the use of isoosmolar non-ionic contrast media like iodixanol.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and deploy a common strategy to reduce CI-AKI incidence.
  • To re-evaluate CI-AKI epidemiology using current diagnostic criteria.
  • To assess the safety and efficacy of iodixanol in cardiac patients undergoing imaging procedures.

Main Methods:

  • A collaborative multidisciplinary study.
  • Evaluation of cardiac patients undergoing imaging procedures exclusively with iodixanol.
  • Assessment of CI-AKI incidence using RIFLE/AKIN criteria.

Main Results:

  • The study reports findings from a cohort of cardiac patients.
  • CI-AKI incidence was evaluated using RIFLE/AKIN criteria.
  • Results are presented from the perspective of nephrology, cardiology, radiology, and pharmacology.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized diagnostic criteria are essential for accurate CI-AKI epidemiology and research.
  • A multidisciplinary approach is vital for managing CI-AKI.
  • Further research is needed to confirm the nephroprotective effects of iodixanol.