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The anaemia of Plasmodium vivax malaria

Nicholas M Douglas1, Nicholas M Anstey, Pierre A Buffet

  • 1Global Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, PO Box 41096, Casuarina, NT 0811, Australia. nicholas.douglas@gmail.com

Malaria Journal
|May 1, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Plasmodium vivax malaria causes significant anemia, especially in young children. Early treatment of this Plasmodium vivax infection is crucial to prevent severe anemia and its complications.

Area of Science:

  • Malariology
  • Hematology
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Plasmodium vivax malaria affects nearly half the global population.
  • It is a major cause of anemia, hindering development goals.
  • The pathogenesis of vivax-associated anemia is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on Plasmodium vivax-associated anemia.
  • To synthesize information on its epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment, and consequences.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current evidence.
  • Synthesis of data on Plasmodium vivax anemia.

Main Results:

  • Young children in high-transmission areas with frequent relapses are at high risk.
  • Plasmodium vivax causes significant red blood cell mass reduction by removing uninfected red blood cells.
  • Severe anemia leads to indirect mortality and morbidity, including complications in pregnancy and need for transfusions.

Conclusions:

  • Plasmodium vivax is a critical cause of anemia, particularly in vulnerable populations.
  • Effective anti-malarial treatment can prevent anemia associated with Plasmodium vivax.
  • Addressing Plasmodium vivax malaria is essential for global health and development.

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